It is such a great honor to join the Board of Directors for the One Circle Foundation. Seeing this welcoming message on their social/promotional network was a delightful surprise.
Having the great privilege of witnessing the Girls Circle Facilitator Training was remarkable. They are touching the hearts and minds of so many girls! Creating empowering futures for our girls. To learn more about this facilitator training opportunity go to…
https://onecirclefoundation.org/training/
SO HUMBLED BY THIS ARTICLE: THANK YOU SO MUCH!!!!
Global Magazine, UK: Writer Rezarta Marta: If I asked people for a short definition of the word “vacation” many would probably mention an exotic place near a beautiful beach surrounded by friends and family away from work. But fortunately there are also people who dream of helping others as much and as often as they possibly can even if that meant giving up their vacation time to do so. Yes these people do exist. Dr.Vilma Luz Caban is one of them. A successful woman continuously pursuing ways to change the world for the better through her humanitarian work and her teaching skills, Vilma shares her nothing less but inspiring life journey hoping to inspire many others.Vilma speaks from a place of gratitude and a desire for better changes in the global community. She proves that often the most successful people happen to be the most grateful ones. Having a source of inspiration to keep her motivated and grounded is key to her continued success. She said, “I have been blessed to have the love and support of a strong circle of family and friends.”
Recently, I was approached to serve as an expert witness by a New England immigration defense lawfirm working on an immigration case wherein the client was a victim of domestic violence from the Dominican Republic. They are creating a motion that their client is a refugee who was forced to leave her country fleeing the persecution of her abusive husband. If this case is successful, this battered woman will not be back in the deadly hands of her abuser in the Dominican Republic. This case would help to develop a legal precedent for many domestic violence victims as they seek to get away from the long arm of their abusive partners.
Canada is helping to pave the way for domestic violence victims who emigrated there from the Dominican Republic. The Immigration and Refugee Board is Canada’s largest independent administrative tribunal. IRB is responsible for making well-reasoned decisions on immigration and refugee matters efficiently and fairly in accordance with the law. As such, IRB reported that the high incidence of domestic violence in the Dominican Republic is a serious concern.(IRB, 2015). Findings from their IRB research concluded that there were very limited resources for battered women in the Dominican Republic. Even though the Ministry of Women declared that there were safe havens and shelters for the women on the island, “Corroborating information could not be found among the sources consulted by the Research Directorate” (IRB, 2015). As I read these latest findings and prepared to testify, I am not surprised by Canada’s IRB research findings. A well-equipped tribunal is baffled by the rate of domestic violence on a small island in the Caribbean and they are scratching their heads wondering how this pervasive problem continues to grow on the island. As a field researcher with first hand knowledge of the bureacratic systems that hinder justice for the victims, I am determined to work with a team of advocates and researchers to ratify change for the victims of domestic violence.
As an international researcher and humanitarian, I have served as the lead researcher commissioned by various international non-profit organizations to conduct research on issues related to domestic violence, female genital mutilation, child brides, abandoned orphans, and street children across various countries in Africa and Latin America. All of these tragic situations, which include the abuse of women and children, are sadly shrouded by the vicious cycle of national corruption, apathy, and an obvious lack of effective and efficient legal systems to protect the victims.
The issue of domestic violence tugs at my heart. For the past 4 years, I have conducted in-depth studies as it relates to domestic violence. In my work, I have developed research proven strategies and economic empowering projects in the Dominican Republic that are gradually helping to inform policy and program structures regarding the epidemic rate of domestic violence in the Dominican Republic. The hope is that my international field research can assist in shedding light on the multifaceted and complex issues surrounding domestic violence as it relates to the victim, the abuser, and the children of battered women.
Domestic violence exists for Dominican women across all economic strata. Research findings from my 2012-2015 field research with 793 women and public data from various prosecutors’ offices in Santiago, Bonao, and El Sonador revealed that only 12 percent of the women that were in an abusive relationship were able to remain free from their abusers. El Centro de Estudios Sociales y Demográficos affirmed that one in every three women in the Dominican Republic are victims of some form of domestic violence. As I conducted research in various provinces in the northern and southern region of the Dominican Republic, I met with various prosecutors and gathered data that is quite compelling. Likewise, a study by the Association of Women’s Rights in Development confirmed that many Dominican women face this lonely battle and are often victimized twice, by their abusers and by the judicial system created to protect them. From 2011-2015, over 100,000 complaints of violence against women were reported across 23 different towns and cities. Recently, official statistics from the capital’s Santo Domingo Public Prosecutor’s Office confirms that the alarming level of domestic violence continues. It was shared that approximately only 4% of the charges brought up against the perpetrators, actually attended legal trials.
As a field researcher, I experienced first hand how the level of corruption within the Dominican Republic hinders the judicial process and ineffectual policies that were originally intended to protect the lives of battered women. My research and collaborative work in the Dominican Republic with key governmental figures, community partners, and advocates helped me understand the high degree of corruption that is not facilitating the proper allocation of law enforcement resources to protect the lives of these women at risk. An investigation by the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights reveals that even though the 24-97 law was intended to promote major advances in the protection of women’s rights in this nation, many Dominican judges do not apply and enforce the law. This commission investigated the knowledge base of many judges and Public Ministry representatives and they were simply unaware of the extensive content of the approximately 20 year-old law.
When I conducted my 2013 field research, many of the victims I interviewed made numerous references related to a local domestic violence case that truly had many of the research study participants petrified. The researcher Bueno (2013) described this domestic violence case in Santiago, Dominican Republic. It occurred on September 30, 2012 wherein Jonathan Torres stabbed his 33-year-old wife Miguelina Martinez fifty-two times in a beauty salon. Prior to this heinous crime, the victim Ms. Martinez went to the district attorney’s office eighteen times in the two weeks prior to her murder to report that because of her husband’s violent threats, the victim had to no choice but to leave her home. As a result, Jonathan Torres killed Miguelina Martinez because she no longer wanted to be with him. Ironically, the knife he used to kill the battered woman was hidden in a bouquet of roses.
A few towns away from Santiago, Dominican Republic investigators Casado & Skewes (2012) gathered data obtained from record books of the Provincial Prosecutor and institutions that provided assistance to domestic violence victims. Casado & Skewes (2012) described the events of domestic violence in San Jose de Ocoa during 2008 through 2011 and they analyzed epidemiological variables within the municipality of San José de Ocoa. It was reported that 79% (345/439) of the affected women were between the ages of 15-49 years and 82% (360/439) of the attacks came from the male, being familiarly linked as partners.
My field experience and data gathered in focus groups and personal interviewed confirmed many of the mental health findings recently shared related to Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, anxiety, and mood disorders. The mental well-being of the battered women and their children is highly compromised. Children who witness domestic violence have higher rates of anxiety. Pervasive exposure to these traumatic events can lead to Post Traumatic Stress Disorder not only for the battered women, but for their children as well. There is a strong correlation between domestic violence victims and women who suffer from mood disorders (Lugo, 2015)
Another tragic byproduct of the domestic violent trend by the abusers is how it is negatively impacting the lives of the children in the families where domestic violence exists. When children witness the violent abuse of their mothers, there is a strong chance that they will either become victims or abusers in their adulthood. In my research conducting focus groups and private interviews with families, many of the women that were battered had mothers and grandmothers that were in abusive relationships. Similarly, many of the men described as abusers had witnessed their fathers physically, mentally, and emotionally abusing their mothers. When a son witnessed his father hitting his mother, there was a strong likelihood that they would try to take similar measures in exercising power in their relationship with their battered wife or partner.
In conclusion, the topic of domestic violence is very close to my heart. As the only surviving daughter of a battered Latina, I witnessed how my mother Maria suffered for 25 years as a victim of domestic violence. My mother was finally able to break away from her abuser. But not too long after finally being free, she lost her battle with cancer in 2012. Her freedom from her abuser was short-lived. Therefore as a tribute to my beloved mother’s legacy, I continue to investigate and help change the lives of battered women. It is important to empower women to break the cycle of domestic violence.
Acknowledgement: I want to thank Carla Marie who serves as my research intern. She is a senior and a Human Rights undergraduate student at Columbia University helping to improve the quality of life for women and children. Two years ago I was blessed to have this Latina scholar approach me about doing research centered on domestic violence in the Dominican Republic. Ever since that fateful moment, I am proud to serve as her mentor and friend. I can’t wait to see how the next generation of Latina researchers continues the quest to eradicate domestic violence in the Dominican Republic. In addition, I would like to thank Councilman Victor Manuel Batista of El Sonador and his beautiful community for being of service to this cause. Mr. Batista’s tremendous support made it possible to inform and mobilize study participants, organize the women conferences, and reach out to community leaders and advocates. Thank you so much for all you do to help the beautiful women of your “pueblo”.
REFERENCES
Bueno, C. C. (2013). “A knife hidden in roses”: Development and gender violence in the dominican republic (Order No. 3603060). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (1474901311). Retrieved from http://ezproxy.cul.columbia.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.cul.columbia.edu/docview/1474901311?accountid=10226
Casado, W., & Skewes, R. (2012). Domestic violence in san jose de ocoa, dominican republic 2008-2011. Injury Prevention, 18 doi:http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.cul.columbia.edu/10.1136/injuryprev-2012-040590q.8
Lugo, B. L. (2015). An exploratory study on mental health effects of therapist minimization of domestic violence victims’ experiences (Order No. 3717549). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (1711739292). Retrieved from http://ezproxy.cul.columbia.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.cul.columbia.edu/docview/1711739292?accountid=10226
Perez, M. (2005). LEGISLATIVE REFORM AND THE STRUGGLE TO ERADICATE VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN IN THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC. Columbia Journal of Gender and the Law, 14(1), 36. Retrieved from http://ezproxy.cul.columbia.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.cul.columbia.edu/docview/232854395?accountid=10226
United Nations Higher Commission for Refugees. (2016). Canada: Immigration and Refugee Board. Domestic Violence Against Women and Children in the Dominican Republic. Retrieved from http://www.refworld.org/docid/45f147edb.html
PROYECTO MI HOGAR PROGRAM EVALUATION
After an arduous research trip spanning one corner of the coast of Rabat, Morocco…to the interior Saharan desert lands of Merzouga, Morocco…this humanitarian researcher had her hands quite full of rich data. Her mission was to conduct field research examining the plight of abandoned and orphaned children of Morocco. After that trip, Dr. Caban-Vazquez received an enthusiastic and well-meaning call from a long lost friend. Her friend was eager to learn the details of the researcher’s most recent trip. Moreover, she wanted to share some OTHER compelling news about an organization that she learned about which was helping orphans and street children…but it was in Guatemala. Upon receiving the call, Dr. Caban-Vazquez halfheartedly sighed, took a deep breath, and she quietly asked God for strength to respond to her friend’s request.
Moments after receiving that predestined call; the humanitarian researcher learned about the grassroots organization Proyecto Mi Hogar, Inc. and the organization’s founder Joe Negrón. As she watched a YouTube video (forwarded during the call) the researcher was moved to tears and her heart was awakened by the urgent call to serve displaced orphans and street children in Guatemala. The rest as they say is history— Little did she know that she was on the brink of a blessed humanitarian quest to support this NGO that works tirelessly to serve these forgotten children.
Immediately upon viewing the Proyecto Mi Hogar’s promotional video, Ms. Garcia and the lead researcher were compelled to reach out to the director of this nonprofit organization to ask in what way they could be of service to this noteworthy cause. When they spoke with Mr. Negrón, they learned about the co-founders humble altruistic ways. They listened, as Mr. Negrón nobly and modestly shared how he was not solely responsible for Proyecto Mi Hogar’s impact. Joe declared that he did not do this humanitarian work alone. Alongside Joe Negrón, they discovered that there was a dynamic team of generous hearts and compassionate guardian angels that make his work possible in Guatemala. Upon learning about (a) this humanitarian’s quest; (b) the inception of Proyecto Mi Hogar’s mission; and (c) how this grassroots organization mobilized, rallied, and leaned on a core group of volunteers, sponsors, and a diverse body of supporters; Dr. Caban-Vazquez was extremely impressed and compelled to explore ways that she could make a lasting contribution for PMH. It personally reminded the research-practitioner of the program evaluation that she conducted for a grassroots organization serving an indigenous population of Kenyan Maasai child brides located in the remote Rift Valley. This program evaluation was commissioned by the advocacy humanitarian organization Equality Now, Inc. and conducted by the research organization Social Changers without Borders. As such, they dispatched the aforementioned researcher to conduct a program evaluation to take inventory of the progressive and innovative ways that a local organization worked to save child brides from the horrific practice of female genital mutilation. Ironically the researcher made the profound research connection that many of the effective and research-based strategies that Mr. Negrón spoke about actually aligned quite well with the research proven strategies that Dr. Caban-Vazquez witnessed and evaluated for the UN endorsed and sponsored Kenyan organization. Both NGO’s showed great promise and potential but more importantly they demonstrated evidence that they directly impacted the lives of vulnerable children. The fundamental bottom line was that both of these aforesaid NGOs helped to promote sustainable positive change that significantly impacted the lives of so many at risk and vulnerable children. The only difference between this notable organizations was that one was in Africa with sustainable streams of UN endorsed grants and sponsorship, and Proyecto Mi Hogar was on the field in Guatemala creating a wider range of impacting programs with extremely limited funding and regrettably without an large UN or international endorsed financial or technical support. Dr. Caban-Vazquez wondered if given a program evaluation measuring this new grassroots organization operational and program effectiveness, would the SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities & Threats) matrix look similar? Does Proyecto Mi Hogar’s NGO leadership have great promise and potential for replicating their efforts to a larger frontier in Guatemala? What would be the largest impact that this organization can make to the current plight of Guatemalan street children and orphans? How could their effective and research proven organizational practices help to inform Guatemalan public policy that could ratify positive social change? How could Proyecto Mi Hogar’s efforts help inform empirical research on a global phenomena that unfortunately is endangering the lives of so many disadvantaged children around the world? The only way to fully examine and reach a conclusion on these aforementioned questions would be to investigate and conduct a formal review of the organization.
Upon making this personal connection, Dr. Caban-Vazquez was inspired to make a lasting contribution to Mr. Negrón and his team of change agents. She offered to conduct a pro-bono program evaluation of Proyecto Mi Hogar, with the goal that Mr. Negrón and his team could take inventory of their best practices, and examine a larger set of research-based intervention strategies that could better serve this at risk population of displaced street children and orphans in Guatemala.
Photo Credit: Joe Negron
For more information visit: www.proyectomihogar.com
(Must download iTunes Podcast Application to listen on your mobile phone)
LATEST DEVELOPMENT– BOOK COVER FINISHED–ARTIST: HIRAM MELENDEZ
MOROCCO’S FORGOTTEN PROMISE:
THE PLIGHT OF STREET CHILDREN & ORPHANS 
Honored to have my eyes as the muse in the corner of this socio-political art-piece. Check out his provocative and politically centered artwork atwww.hiramsart.com
RESEARCH UPDATE
In the Fall of 2013 and the Spring of 2014, I had the great pleasure of collaborating with several Moroccan humanitarians that joined me in my quest for examining the plight of Moroccan street children and orphans. As strong advocates of women and children, we joined our public-spirited gifts to collaboratively research and share effective community-based and international humanitarian strategies. The goal is to publish research-proven strategies that make a significant impact for improving the quality of lives for these impoverished children. With the support of SOCIAL CHANGERS WITHOUT BORDERS, INC as well as several NGO’s and private sponsors, I will continue to examine the complex issues related to the abuse and tragic circumstances that Moroccan street children face as victims of child labor and sexual trafficking.
*****PUBLICATION EXCERPT*****
[Protected under copyright laws]
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MOROCCO’S FORGOTTEN PROMISE:
THE PLIGHT OF STREET CHILDREN & ORPHANS
Lead Advocacy Researcher
Dr. Vilma Caban-Vazquez, Ed.D
Introduction
As a humanitarian advocacy researcher, Dr. Caban-Vazquez’s vision was to further explore the international phenomena of the invisible and forgotten children of the world—abandoned orphans and street children. The issue of street children first came to her attention when she traveled as an educational reform delegate with a professional organization, The People to People Ambassador Program. It became quite apparent when she traveled to different parts of Egypt that there were many children in the streets either working or begging from tourists. Her observations helped her conclude that Egyptian street children were generally viewed as delinquents and a plague that should be treated with detention or jailing. Further examination revealed that Egyptian government legislation and policy towards street children was primarily punitive (Ali, 2006).
After witnessing a child getting physically abused in a market in Giza, this researcher-practitioner was emotionally drawn into this societal issue. She wondered why these children were unseen and did not have a voice. She wondered why it seemed like these forgotten souls were not valued and viewed as illegitimate members of their local society. After that unsettling experience, she longed to go back to an African and Arabic speaking country to explore this issue further.
In July 2013, Dr. Caban-Vazquez had the honor of serving as an international volunteer for a non-governmental organization (NGO) that offered various volunteering opportunities in developing nations throughout Asia, Africa, and South America. Her number one choice was to travel to Rabat, Morocco. It was the perfect fit! There she worked with the NGO’s international team of volunteers that offered educational and social service support to grassroots organizations directly helping orphans and street children.
In Rabat, Morocco this researcher’s heart was transformed by the tender moments she shared with the sick children that she served in a local hospital. Many of her fellow international volunteers were assigned to work at two local orphanages. In their home base, they shared their moving stories about serving these forgotten children. Furthermore, she was touched by the stories she heard from volunteers that tutored street children seeking educational experiences. While hearing their anecdotes, and observing how the compassionate international volunteers geared up for another day of dedicated service, Dr. Caban-Vazquez was inspired to formally launch an advocacy study centered on this societal problem. As a result, she reached out to several Moroccan citizens and compassionate souls who were eager to help her on her research journey. Through this unique research collaboration, they helped to raise awareness about Morocco’s societal problem of abandoned street children and orphans.Rationale for Choosing the Problem
A broader examination of the body of professional literature revealed that in the past 20 years, the issue of Moroccan orphans and street children continues to grow exponentially. It is negatively impacting not only the lives of those forgotten children, but also the economic prosperity of this nation. A country’s future lies in its next generation of citizens. If a large portion of the citizenry is not positively active and serving as contributing members of that nation, the trajectory of that nation’s potential is highly compromised (United Nations Development Project, 2009).
Recent research findings by worldwide advocacy organizations report that the significant level of apathy and indifference directed towards street children and orphans, coupled with the sexual predatory and child labor risks that these children face, can further compromise the economic vitality of this nation (WHO, 2010; International Society for Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect-ISPCAN, 2006; Human Rights Watch, 2005; United Nations Human Rights Council, 2013). In summary, the rationale for conducting this humanitarian advocacy study is to develop a published resource that can provide greater insight for grassroots organizations serving this marginalized population.
Definition of Special Terms
The following definitions of key terms are associated with the local phenomenon of Moroccan abandoned orphans and street children. Child Maids/ Domestic Servants: According to the International Labour Organization (2013) child domestic work performed by ‘child maids’ or ‘domestic servants’ is a general reference for children that work in the domestic work sector. It is usually in the home of a third party or employer. The concept of a child maid encapsulates both permissible as well as impermissible situations wherein girls work on domestic duties for an employer outside of the home. This phenomenon is often hidden and hard to tackle because of its links to social and cultural patterns. In many countries, child domestic labor is not only socially and culturally acceptable, but viewed in a positive light. In fact, it is most often a protected and non-stigmatized form of work. It is commonly preferred more than other forms of employment – especially for girls. The perpetuation of traditional female roles and responsibilities (within and outside the household) and the perception of domestic service as part of a woman’s apprenticeship for adulthood and marriage, contribute to the persistence of child domestic work as a form of child labor.” (ILO, 2013). 
Significance of the Problem
As noted earlier, regardless of the enforcement and accountability measures established by international human rights organizations and government ministries, research findings suggest that many orphans and street children are still displaced and without adequate homes and protection. Consequently, this research project is designed to address this local problem. Our research team seeks to examine the leading causes that attribute to the high number of children living on the streets. Within the structure of a qualitative research study, the researchers seek to conduct an in-depth analysis by collecting and analyzing multiple forms of qualitative data centered on how local grassroots organization address the issues related to serving Moroccan orphans and street children.
Problem Statement
This qualitative advocacy study will explore issues related to the plight of Moroccan orphans and street children. After 20 years since the implementation of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Children, humanitarian research findings show that the number of children affected by poverty and broken families continues to rise (World Bank, 2010a). Relevant empirical findings are needed to inform the decisions that shape policy and the implementation of child advocacy strategies.
Literature Review
The initial phase of this literature review revealed demographic findings that demonstrate a statistical trend and a strong correlation between the poverty level of a community with the high rate of abandoned orphans and street children in urban settings (World Bank, 2010b). Although protection laws have been slowly introduced to protect the rights of children, the process of enforcing these legal sanctions has been an arduous and quite complicated journey for NGO’s seeking to advocate and intervene to improve the quality of life for thousands of Moroccan orphans and street children. (Moroccan Children’s Trust, 2010). A rigorous review of research studies revealed two complex themes:
A closer examination of research findings helped our research team gain a deeper understanding of the scale of this societal phenomenon. The sources for the literature review queries came from various peer-reviewed databases, which include ERIC, EBSCO, SAGE, and PROQUEST. The research team was able to access current and relevant full-texted copies of research findings related to Human Rights, International Human Rights initiatives, and Moroccan policy and mandates. Moreover, primary sources were available from various United Nations published reports across a broad span of human rights commissions and committees which included the United Nations International Emergency Fund (UNICEF), United Nations Development Project (UNDP), United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) and other vital documents and publications from the United Nations Office of the High Commission of Human Rights (OHCHR). Secondary resources were used to further gauge general public opinions and perceptions regarding the status of Moroccan orphans and street children. Finally, numerous NGO executive reports were used to assess the aperture and depth of current intervention practices, and to gain insight on the implications for further research.
Theoretical Framework
This qualitative research team will conduct a phenomenological research study in which they will describe the “essence of human experiences concerning a phenomenon, as described by the participants of the study” (Creswell, 2003, p.15). The theoretical framework for this inquiry is based on a constructivist approach, wherein the researchers will position themselves to collect the participants’ experiences and understanding regarding their plight as street children and orphans in Morocco. They will study those participants’ constructs within the context of different situations and circumstances. The researchers will examine the different forces that shape their paths as they contend with life on the street, an orphanage, or transitional setting.
Using a variety of qualitative data collection methods, the researchers will analyze and make interpretations based on the findings. Using an advocacy/participatory approach, the researcher-practitioners will engage the study participants as active collaborators to help inform and advance an action agenda for change (Creswell, 2003, p.11). As a result, this phenomenological research study will help the research team develop a broader understanding of the many interrelated issues that shape the plight of many Moroccan orphans and street children.
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Dr. Caban-Vazquez served as an executive board member and advocacy researcher for a grassroots community organization, Social Changers without Borders, Inc. Vilma feels honored to work with this organization’s research scholars, which include Walden University Alumni, faculty, and students promoting positive social change around the world. In July 2013, Dr. Caban-Vazquez traveled as an international volunteer for Cross-Cultural Solutions, which is a non-profit organization serving abandoned street children and orphans in Rabat, Morocco. Click here to learn more about her research journey: DoctoraVazquez’sBio
MORROCAN RESEARCH STUDY SUPPORTERS
ARTIST’S WEBSITE: http://www.hiramsart.com/ INTERVIEW WITH THE ARTIST: http://www.visionesculturales.com/video-archivesinterviews.html Special thanks to the founders of Visiones Culturales (Yolanda Luz Rodriguez & Margie Soto) for their tireless efforts in organizing the Latino Art Exhibit at the Andrew Freeman Mansion in New York City. It was the perfect cultural forum! WEBSITE: www.visionesculturales.com or https://www.facebook.com/VisionesCulturales
“FORGOTTEN PROMISE” By Hiram Melendez
Mohammed takes great pride in sharing about his humble journey. He is the proud son of his Moroccan parents and this truly helps him appreciate the simple pleasures of life. Although he grew up poor, he describes his Moroccan life with his family in Salé as a blessed life. However, there was a calling on Mohammed’s heart, to reach outside of Morocco and find a way to improve the quality of life for his parents’ and siblings. At this point in Mohammed’s journey, he deals with the emotional struggle of knowing his father continues to be very ill. However, with Mohammed’s work here, the family is able to pay for essential and expensive medical treatment and medication. Ultimately, this is the reason why Mohammed diligently works extended hours. Although life in the United States has not been easy, Mohammed remains steadfast and positive. In those still moments when he misses his family, Mohammed leans on the cultural links and traditions that remind him of home. Mohammed looks forward to doing all he can to support Dr. Caban-Vazquez’s research efforts because he feels that it is a way to give back to his beautiful Moroccan community.
Promoting Economic Empowerment for Battered Women
Lead Researcher ~ Dr. Vilma Caban-Vazquez, Ed.D
Art by Tanya Torres
http://www.tanyatorres.com
CLICK HERE FOR EXECUTIVE FINAL REPORT
FOREWORD
As the only daughter of a battered Latina immigrant from Puerto Rico, I witnessed how my mother Maria suffered as a victim of Domestic Violence. Perhaps this is where I began fine-tuning my advocacy lens. It was in the midst of these turbulent moments where sparks took the form of my heart’s desire to share the urgent call for helping battered women. Regrettably, there are unsettling memories which at times tend to resurface. However, they activate this researcher’s deep set longing to examine the extent of how my mother Maria suffered. When I was young, my mother would urge me not to say anything and to keep “family problems”… PRIVATE. She would advise me that it’s best not get other people involved in your marital problems. As a result, Maria dealt with the conflicting pain of staying in an abusive relationship for the sake of her family and children. She carried this pain for over 25 years.
This researcher had a tough secret to keep. I wondered how many other women and children actually walk around with haunting memories of domestic violence or “family problems” on their heavy hearts. In April 2012, right before my mother lost her battle with cancer, I vowed at my mother’s deathbed that I would use her story to… break the silence… and break the cycle of domestic violence.
As an advocacy researcher, in the summer of 2012, I had the honor of launching my first domestic violence research study in the Dominican Republic. The Latina Project: Breaking the Silence…Breaking the Cycle . It was my way of establishing a research footprint on an elusive phenomena that maintains an emotional, spiritual, physical, and economic stranglehold on many Latino communites.
Initially, I was inclined to reach out to my mom’s hometown in Puerto Rico, but after much introspection, I realized that personally it was too soon to examine this challenging topic so painfully close to home. At this juncture, it was best to examine the broader issue of domestic violence. I recognized that it was important to widen the aperture of this obscure topic and gain a stronger understanding of the issues related to domestic violence in many Latino communities.
Ultimately, this qualitative researcher elected to pursue a replicable course of study that could help her examine the underlying universal themes that are evident in domestic violence in Latino communities. I selected a Caribbean sister community not far away from Puerto Rico…it was Columbus’ first discovery… and symbolically it would serve as this researcher’s first discovery of domestic violence. It was the captivating country of the Dominican Republic.
NARRATIVE ANALYSIS OF RESEARCH FINDINGS
Based on the data collection and analysis methods discussed above, Dr. Caban-Vazquez was able to identify several re-occurring themes from the interviews. These central themes can be grouped into the following categories of participants’ needs: (a) economic factors, (b) women empowerment, (c) Victims’ patterns (d) social-emotional factors, and (e) raising community awareness.
THEME 1: ECONOMIC FACTORS
The majority of the battered women interviewed communicated their dire need for economic resources that would enable them to leave their abusive relationships. Many of the women expressed their desire to successfully seek and secure employment outside of Bonao. Upon further examination, employment opportunities are extremely limited in this rural community. Many women expressed that they choose to remain in their abusive relationship because they don’t want to disrupt their children’s education by moving away and not having any economic resources to ensure that their children attend school. They selflessly chose to stay so that their children could at least have a better chance of attending school. The majority of the local men are the sole financial providers of the home. In light of the economic situation in their rural communities, if the battered women resolved to leave their abusive partners, these women would financially struggle to purchase the costly school uniforms that their children are required to have to attend school. Many of the women hoped that there would be some form of career training available to the women of Bonao that would open some economic options.
THEME 2: WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
More than half of the research participants wish they had a women’s community center where they may attend more “chalas” or educational workshops. They believe that this community strategy would increase the awareness level about domestic violence in their community. Prior to Dr. Caban-Vazquez informational session about domestic violence laws with the participants, the majority of the battered women communicated in their interviews that they were not familiar with the Domestic Violence Law No. 24:97. Some women shared that if they knew where to go and get a legal advocate, they would feel more comfortable trying to leave their abusive partner.
THEME 3: BREAKING FREE FROM AN ABUSER
A closer examination revealed that less than 25 percent of the participants interviewed in multiple research forums were actually able to break free from their abusive partner. Regrettably, half of the women that broke free from the abuser eventually returned to their abusive partner. In view of this shift, only 12 percent of the study participants were able to remain away from their former abusive partner. The researcher realized that she would need to probe further and plan future focus group interviews and one-to-one interviews to better understand the complex social forces that were shaping the womens’ choice to come back to an abusive relationship.
THEME 4: SOCIAL EMOTIONAL FACTORS
Focus group interviews (n=15) revealed that many of the women felt ashamed about their abusive situation. They expressed great difficulty about sharing their situation with other women in their community for fear of judgement. Others expressed that they believe one of the reasons why the community is tolerate of domestic violence may be due to the believe of a “man needs to be a man”. Some women shared that some people have expressed that if the men don’t behave this way and put their women in their place, then the women will get out of control.
Several older women shared their belief that the cycle of domestic violence in their community continues to flourish. They discretely noted several of the young women in the town who are dating or engaged to an abusive boyfriend. These older battered women earnestly conveyed their concern for these young women. The vicious cycle of domestic violence was quite evident in this community.
THEME 5: RAISING COMMUNITY AWARENESS
Many of the women felt it was necessary to involve the men in the community awareness initiatives centered on domestic violence in Bonao. Some of the women suggested a faith-based counseling group for abusers with a local spiritual leader, pastor or priest. They expressed that it was part of the churches responsibility to address the issue of how the church congregants are also abusers of this wifes.
IMPLICATIONS FOR FURTHER STUDY
Based of the multiple themes that were revealed in this preliminary research study, this researcher considered potential areas for future study. This researcher recommends that future research should focus on the economic empowerment theme that was raised by the majority of the battered women. This form of future research may be helpful for other rural Latino communities that face this universal economic obstacle. Another area of future study can center on how various community stakeholders can raise community awareness on the issue of domestic violence (Johnson, 2003). The application of this future research can greatly affect social change within the Latino community. It can also inform government and social agency policy that is designed for the educational and economic empowerment of various communities.
BATTERED WOMEN ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT PROJECT SCHOOL UNIFORM COOPERATIVE
Together one step at a time, we can break the silence and the cycle that have kept so many women and children oppressed by their abusers. With the generous support of Social Changers without Borders and the wonderful support that Dr. Caban-Vazquez and her research delegates received, they were able to set a course for a second year of research and technical support.
This lead researcher and her team traveled back and worked with a core group of the battered Latinas in Bonao. Using a secure lottery system, 10 out of the 50 women studied became part of an economic empowerment project that will serve as a pilot for the 2013/2014 study. With this plan, they will be able to directly help 10 of the 2012 research participants. These women will become part of a Self Help Group (SHG) that will create a School Uniform Cooperative (Davies, 2001). This economic empowerment project will enable and equip the domestic violence survivors to sew and sell school uniforms in and outside of their small town of Bonao, DR. This technical support is a direct result of the key findings shared by the victims of the study. The goal for offering this empowering self help group model is to ultimately release the women from the oppressive and economic hold of their abusive husbands or domestic partners (Allen, 2004; Rios, 2007). Research findings from the 2012 study showed that many of the women selflessly remained with their abusers to better improve their children’s odds of remaining in school. Since the men were the sole decision-maker in managing finance, the women feared that they would struggle to purchase the costly school uniforms without any career training or employment options.
This summer, our direct technical and economic support drastically empowered many brave women to take hold of their destiny and develop a school uniform micro-enterprise. As a result, they will now gain the economic leverage they need to provide their children, and ultimately their community, with a vital educational resource and opportunity.
CERTIFIED TRAINING & APPRENTICESHIP
Research-proven methods on effective practices and training will inform the direction of this rural community-based project (Perkins, 2006; UN, 2001). The women will receive certified training from a team of seamstresses in the field. Furthermore, they will receive support from local merchants to sell and promote the women’s school uniforms. The lead researcher’s vision of expanding this initiative can be supported by proceeds from additional fundraising events. This may offer the women an opportunity to establish an apprentice program wherein the study participants will “reach one…and teach one”.
Dr. Caban-Vazquez recognizes the great potential of replicating this form of empowerment work across many Latino rural communities. The findings from 2013/2014 economic empowerment pilot will help to establish field-tested and proven strategies for developing sustainable community outreach.
PICTURES TELL THE STORY
Our community outreach efforts reached approximately 800 women across different hamlets in the Province of Alta Gracia in the Dominican Republic. It was an honor to be greeted by hundreds of women as they sought advice on dealing with the epidemic of domestic violence in their communities.
ARTIST TANYA TORRES OFFERS HER GIFT OF INSPIRATION AND HOPE:
The lead researcher would like to thank the talented Latina artist Tanya Torres for her artistic contribution. Tanya Torres has extended permission for Dr. Caban-Vazquez to use her inspirational and cultural iconic figure—Cacibayagua: Taina Goddess— in any promotional literature and research reports sharing the worked centered on The Latina Domestic Violence Research Project. In August 2013, when the research team travels back to Bonao, Dr. Caban-Vazquez will deliver a special inspirational gift especially designed to inspire the 10 domestic violence victims (Appendix D) Mrs. Torres lovingly hand–crafted unique wearable art necklaces with the inspirational image of Cacibayagua— the mythical Taina Goddess. Traditional Dominican folklore describes how Cacibayagua is the original life source of the indigenous Taino Indians that emerged from her beautiful cave. The inspirational intention behind sharing this gift is to encourage the women. In the face of adversity and their personal decision to renounce the economic stranglehold of their abusers, these empowered women can recall the legend of Cacibayagua. The necklace signifies their promise and legacy as Latina women and descendants of the rich Taino culture. It is a symbolic reminder to tap into the spiritual strength of their inner Taina goddess. This artistic gift serves as a beautiful and concrete reminder of their legacy and the promise of their destiny as “empowered” women and not “beaten” women. http://tanyatorres.com
“I alone cannot change the world… But I can cast a stone across the waters to create many ripples.” ~Mother Teresa
TOGETHER WE CAN BREAK THE SILENCE…AND HELP BREAK THE CYCLE OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE.
PLEASE DONATE AT: http://www.gofundme.com/VIOLENCIA-DOMESTICA
When we empower a battered woman to break free from the cycle of domestic violence…we empower a community to break the silence and say NO MORE.
THE SEED OF HOPE: Last year, Doctora Vazquez was on a mission to raise awareness against Domestic Violence. Vilma wanted to commemorate her brave mother Maria, who was a victim of domestic violence and lost her battle with colon cancer on April 2, 2012. Her strongest desire as an advocacy researcher was to plant seeds of hope and positive social change to stop domestic violence in the Latino community.
Acknowledgements
A great deal of coordination and international collaboration was necessary to make the following Latina domestic violence research study a reality. The lead advocacy researcher, Dr. Vilma Caban-Vazquez, would like to acknowledge all those whose support and contributions helped to launch a preliminary domestic violence research study in August of 2012. Subsequently, this practitioner-researcher is extremely grateful for all of the altruistic individuals whose perpetual support, via auxiliary resources and expanded community networks, abetted and nurtured her dream. With their support, Dr. Caban-Vazquez was able to develop a research-based action plan to offer more technical support to the battered women that she studied in August of 2012.
First and foremost, the remarkable support of her faithful friend and fellow humanitarian Loida Pujols (former United Nations Consulate General to the Dominican Republic, 2000-2004) as well as Loida’s noble and supportive husband Albert Peña helped the lead researcher Dr. Caban-Vazquez achieve her dream of establishing an advocacy footprint in Latin America. Loida and Albert reached out to their network of close family and friends and rallied support for this humanitarian cause. Dr. Caban-Vazquez is extremely grateful for their community service and assistance.
OPENING DOORS FOR CHANGE IN THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC TELEVISION & RADIO COVERAGE Consequently, a close childhood friend of Mr. Peña, former Councilman Victor Manuel Bastista, played a pivotal and instrumental community role in serving both as a representative of this initiative in his small rural town of Bonao, as well as one of our strongest rallying supporters. In solidarity and support to this domestic violence cause, community advocates Mr. Pena and Mr. Batista locked arms to serve as advocates and shared voices for community change by coordinating various domestic violence conferences in numerous faith-based and educational venues. They were quite resourceful in their outreach and traveled across different towns and villages to network with various community stakeholders. They submitted press releases to various regional news media. As a result, news coverage about the domestic research project was shared with the Hortensia Magazine, which was based out of the capital of Santo Domingo. Furthermore, they reached out to the local television program “En Familia” and fortunately they gained a community news slot wherein they reported news of the upcoming events on Bonao Television, Channel 12 (http://www.bonaotv.com). Their resourceful outreach efforts encouraged local women to attend the domestic violence conference as well as extended an invitation to consider being a part of the research study. Thanks to their noble efforts, over 50 participants attended the domestic violence awareness conferences and educational workshops. Eventually, the editor of the Hortensia Magazine traveled from the capital Santo Domingo to observe the large group participant research discussions. As a way to demonstrate her support, she wrote a feature article about the lead researcher and the merit of this study and her efforts (Appendix A).
Using various informational platforms, Mr. Pena and Mr. Batista helped to raise community awareness about the prolific rate of domestic violence in the Dominican Republic. Dr. Caban-Vazquez is immensely grateful for all of their outreach. She was inspired by their natural leadership abilities to tenaciously mobilize a much-needed service to their community. Their campaign action plan was to bring the issue of Domestic Violence to the forefront of Bonao’s community economic agenda. This was an extremely viable outreach strategy. The ultimate goal of involving several philanthropic community agents, faith-based organizations, educational institutions, telecommunication organizations, as well as town and provincial legislative leaders would help pave the way. In due course, their proactive stance could help the victims of domestic violence by opening potential lines of future funding and community support.
MEETING WITH THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC SENATOR: In addition, the lead researcher particularly extends her greatest appreciation to Senator Amable of the Alta Gracia Province in the Dominican Republic. This distinguished public servant, welcomed the lead researcher and her research team’s arrival in the midst of his personal holiday. He received the delegates assigned to this research task with such genuine warmth, and enthusiasm. Senator Amable’s willingness to assist the team in any way possible to achieve a successful preliminary research study indicated his level of commitment to his battered constituents of Bonao, Dominican Republic.
With their joint and dynamic efforts, this compassionate international team of community advocates helped to bring the epidemic community issue of domestic violence to light. Moreover, with the collective endeavors of current and former United Nations staff and volunteers, over time The Latina Project: Breaking the Cycle…Breaking the Silence research project became noteworthy news outside the small town of Bonao. As such, prior to launching the economic empowerment project, Dr. Caban-Vazquez will travel to Geneva, Switzerland to confer with the United Nations Dominican Republic Ambassador as well as meet with the United Nations Dominican Republic Ambassador stationed in Santo Domingo. As an advocacy researcher, she will apprise the UN dignitaries of the status of the research project and her goal of presenting research findings and the implications of this research at the 2014 World Humanitarian Conference in Geneva, Switzerland.
SOCIAL CHANGERS WITHOUT BORDERS, INC. A special thanks goes to Dr. Caban-Vazquez’s fellow executive board members of the humanitarian research organization Social Changers without Borders, Inc. (Appendix B). Their belief in Dr. Caban-Vazquez’s humanitarian research capabilities and their support nurtured her idea for this advocacy research study. She is proud to be an active member of this outstanding organization.
ARTIST COLLABORATION WITH TANYA TORRES The lead researcher would also like to thank the talented Latina artist Tanya Torres for her artistic contribution. Tanya Torres has extended permission for Dr. Caban-Vazquez to use her inspirational and cultural iconic figure—Cacibayagua: Taina Goddess— in any promotional literature and research reports sharing the worked centered on The Latina Domestic Violence Research Project. In August 2013, when the research team travels back to Bonao, Dr. Caban-Vazquez will deliver a special inspirational gift especially designed to inspire the 10 domestic violence victims. Mrs. Torres lovingly hand–crafted unique wearable art necklaces with the inspirational image of Cacibayagua— the mythical Taina Goddess. Traditional Dominican folklore describes how Cacibayagua is the original life source of the indigenous Taino Indians that emerged from her beautiful cave. The inspirational intention behind sharing this gift is to encourage the women. In the face of adversity and their personal decision to renounce the economic stranglehold of their abusers, these empowered women call recall the legend of Cacibayagua. The necklace signifies their promise and legacy as Latina women and descendants of the rich Taino culture. It is a symbolic reminder to tap into the spiritual strength of their inner Taina goddess. This artistic gift serves as a beautiful and concrete reminder of their legacy and the promise of their destiny as “empowered” women and not “beaten” women. HER WEBSITE IS http://www.tanyatorres.com
LOVING CIRCLE OF FAMILY & FRIENDS Dr. Caban-Vazquez is eternally grateful for the generous support she received from a loving circle of intimate family and friends. After the lead researcher did an extensive literature review of viable empowerment strategies for battered women, she recognized the strong potential for making the greatest impact in the lives of these abused women. Subsequently, she rallied for financial support with the Friends Against Domestic Violence fundraising website at at http://www.gofundme.com/VIOLENCIA-DOMESTICA (Appendix D).
PURCHASED MATERIALS FOR THE ECONOMIC PROJECT SCHOOL UNIFORM COOPERATIVE: This community grassroots initiative helped to secure a modest portion of funds. As a result, with the additional financial support of Albert and Loida, the researcher was able to purchase 10 sewing machines and secure the safe shipment of those machines. In addition, monies raised helped to purchase the bulk of the essential seamstress tools needed to economically empower the domestic violence survivors. A compassionate circle of friends saw the collective power of this economic empowerment vision and they worked together to establish a toolkit for the success of this school uniform cooperative. Dr. Caban-Vazquez keeps her dedicated group of supporters updated on the latest developments of this work using her research blog at http://doctoravazquez. wordpress. com (Appendix E).
Last but not the least, she wishes to thank her supportive son Christopher for his encouragement in pursuing her research dreams. Vilma values his endearing token of support and love in helping her create positive social change for battered women. In the spring of 2013, Christopher served as editor-in-chief of his college newspaper and he invited his mother to write an informational article about this topic. It meant the world to her.
Lastly, without the love and support of her Heavenly Father this would not be possible. She firmly believes that her creator is celebrating the fruits of this community labor with Vilma’s beloved mother. Without the love of community, this form of collective social change endeavor would not be possible.
HOW CAN YOU HELP?
TOGETHER…we can all encourage a culture of positive social change for the survivors of domestic violence in this Latino community. Please ask yourself what you can do or contribute to this cause. Please consider making a donation to this worthy cause.
When we empower a woman…we empower a community.
Fundraising Coordinator & Executive Board Member
Social Changers without Borders, Inc.
WE TRULY NEED YOUR DONATION TO MAKE A DIFFERENCE: http://www.gofundme.com/VIOLENCIA-DOMESTICA
VICTIMS OF DOMESTIC ABUSE HIDE BEHIND A MASK PORTRAYING TO THE WORLD THAT EVERYTHING IS PERFECT IN THEIR LIVES & RELATIONSHIPS.
LET’S EMPOWER THEM TO REMOVE THEIR MASKS… AND REVEAL THE TRUE SURVIVORS THEY CAN BE…FREE FROM THEIR ABUSIVE PARTNER!!!
MASQUERADE BALL FUNDRAISER
AGAINST
DOMESTIC VIOLENCE
MARCH 15, 2013 @ THE COLISEUM NIGHT CLUB
8:00-Midnight
16 South Broadway White Plains, NY 10601
ALL PROCEEDS WILL SUPPORT AN ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT PROGRAM SERVING THE PARTICIPANTS FROM A DOMESTIC VIOLENCE RESEARCH PROJECT (SUMMER 2012).
THE LEAD ADVOCACY RESEARCHER WAS DR. VAZQUEZ AND THE WORK WAS SUPPORTED BY SENATOR AMABLE OF ALTAGRACIA, FORMER CONSULATE GENERAL LOIDA PUJOLS, AND THE HORTENSIA MAGAZINE IN THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC.
THIS ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT PROJECT WILL SUPPORT DOMESTIC VIOLENCE VICTIMS LOCATED IN THE RURAL TOWN OF BONAO, IN THE ALTA GRACIA PROVINCE, WITHIN THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC.
The research participants will become part of a Self Help Group (SHG) that will create a School Uniform Cooperative. This economic empowerment project will enable and equip the domestic violence survivors to sew and sell school uniforms in and outside of their small town of Bonao, DR.
Proceeds from this fundraiser will help the researcher acquire the materials needed to launch this economic empowerment project…which will ultimately release the women from the oppressive and economic hold of their abusive husbands/ domestic partners.
Necessary materials will include:
-10 Sewing Machines
-Fabric for the school uniforms
-Miscellaneous sewing materials (e.g., thread, scissors, templates)
-Stipend for certified seamstresses to conduct workshops over the course of 5 days
-Overhead babysitting costs for the research participants young children
CERTIFIED TRAINING & APPRENTICESHIP
Research-proven methods on effective practices and training will help shape the direction of this community-based project. The women will receive certified training from a team of seamstresses in the field and they will receive support from local merchants to sell and promote the women’s school uniforms. Proceeds will also help to fund an apprentice program wherein the study participants will “reach one…and teach one”. The ultimate goal is to replicate findings from this study in other Latino communities where women face the struggle of domestic violence within their rural or small urban settings.
Let’s encourage a culture of positive social change for the survivors of domestic violence in this Latino community
FOR MORE INFORMATION CONTACT
Social Changers without Borders, Inc.
“Nadie se mete entre problemas matrimoniales”
La Violencia Domestica en la Republica Dominicana
Dra. Vilma Caban-Vazquez
¿Cuántas veces has escuchado a un miembro de la familia aconsejan que es mejor no involucrarse entre un hombre y su esposa? Desafortunadamente, para muchas mujeres maltratadas en la República Dominicana, este tipo de consejo está perpetuando el círculo vicioso de la violencia doméstica y ahora el patrón está envuelto en silencio con mas poder.
ESTADÍSTICAS DE VIOLENCIA DOMÉSTICA:
La violencia doméstica existe para la mujer dominicana en todos los estratos económicos. El Centro de Estudios Sociales y Demográficos informó que es muy probable que una de cada tres mujeres dominicanas que usted conoce es en realidad una víctima de alguna forma de violencia doméstica. Aunque este país es conocido como una de las mecas de los mejores resorts vacacionales del mundo, tenemos que saber que la República Dominicana está lidiando con un problema que no es tan públicamente gloriosa y refinada. Detrás de la fachada de hermosas playas y exquisitos alojamientos rurales, muchas de las flores preciosas (las mujeres) de este país se enfrentan a una existencia violenta y brutal. La verdad es que muchas de las mujeres dominicanas que sirven o visitan estos resorts vacacionales son de hecho víctimas de ataques violentos por parte de sus maridos.
Como investigadora Latina examinado la verdad horrible detrás la realidad de la violencia doméstica en la República Dominicana, me horrorizó al ver lo poco que se hace para erradicar esta realidad brutal. Un estudio realizado por la Asociación de Derechos de la Mujer en el Desarrollo confirmó que muchas mujeres dominicanas se enfrentan a esta batalla solas y también suelen ser víctimas dos veces ~por sus agresores y por el sistema judicial creado para protegerlas. En 2011, los datos del Ministerio de Asuntos de la Mujer (Roxanna Reyes) confirmo que cada 1-2 días una mujer era asesinada en un acto de violencia doméstica. En los últimos dos años, más de 60,000 denuncias anuales de violencia contra las mujeres son denunciados. Sin embargo, aproximadamente el 4% de los cargos, se crió en contra de los perpetradores, asistió a juicios legales. Recientemente, las estadísticas oficiales de la Oficina de la capital Santo Domingo Fiscalía confirmo que el nivel alarmante de violencia doméstica continúa. En los últimos 6 meses, esta provincia tenía 133 mujeres asesinadas por sus ex-parejas. Un estudio de la promoción, la Ruta Crítica de las Dominicanas Mujeres Sobrevivientes de Violencia de Género encargado por las organizaciones locales de defensa de las mujeres dominicanas, informó que trágicamente muchas de las víctimas que perdieron la vida fueron también víctimas de una sistema legal (que no contaban con un personal judicial atento y equipados para hacer frente con las problemas complejas de la violencia doméstica).
En el siglo 21 … ¿Cómo es esto posible? La violencia doméstica en la República Dominicana no fue reconocida oficialmente hasta el enero de 1997 bajo la nueva ley de derechos humanos 24-97. Hasta este punto, la violencia doméstica no sólo fue tolerada pero también considerado legal. La realidad de la violencia doméstica en la República Dominicana fue sacada a la luz por organizaciones como PROFAMILIA (Asociación Dominicana Pro-Bienestar de la Familia) y La Oficina Para La Promoción de Mujeres, con la ayuda del Fondo de las Naciones Unidas. Es difícil creer que 15 años después, los gritos y esfuerzos de las organizaciones de derechos humanos han caído en oídos sordos. Una investigación realizada por la Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos revelo que a pesar de que la Ley 24-97 fue pensado para promover mayores avances en la protección de los derechos de las mujeres en este país, los jueces dominicanos lamentablemente muchos no aplican y hacen cumplir la ley. Una comisión investigó la base de conocimientos de muchos jueces y representantes del Ministerio Público y la verdad es que muchos jueces y representantes simplemente desconocen el contenido de esta ley de 15 años. ¿Cómo es esto posible? Tal vez la verdad fea puede ser… que muchos de los jueces y contrapartes masculinos optan no cumplir con la aplicación de la ley 24-97.
ENTENDER LA VIOLENCIA DOMÉSTICA:
El objetivo final de la violencia doméstica o el abuso es ganar y mantener el control de la víctima. El miedo es la garra paralizante que mantiene a muchas víctimas en una relación abusiva. Lamentablemente muchas personas que se enteran de un ejemplo particular o caso trágico no pueden creer por qué la mujer nunca se liberó de la situación abusiva. Como comunidad es necesario darse cuenta y reconocer las señales críticos y la escalada de una relación abusiva. Esto puede servir como un paso crucial para romper el ciclo y el silencio de la violencia doméstica. Es importante entender que hay muchos tipos de violencia doméstica o abuso conyugal. Basado en una encuesta elaborada por la Red Nacional Contra la Violencia Doméstica (en los Estados Unidos) si su respuesta es “Sí” a muchas de las preguntas siguientes, es muy probable que usted o alguien que usted conoce está en una relación abusiva.
¿Usted …
-A menudo siente miedo de tu pareja?
-Evitar ciertas conversaciones o temas por miedo a enojar su pareja?
-A menudo siente que su pareja piensa que tu no puedes hacer nada correcto?
-Esta de acuerdo que a veces se merece ser maltratada por su pareja?
-Se pregunta si eres la única que es loca en su relación.
-Siente emocionalmente entumecida o indefensa en sus circunstancias?
Muchas de las preguntas mencionadas se centran en el tema del abuso emocional. Las víctimas se sienten aisladas, intimidadas y controladas por su cónyuge / pareja. Es importante que las víctimas se den cuenta que, finalmente, el abusador se intensificará en el uso de sus tácticas de control. Finalmente, el abusador va a recurrir su amenazas físicas o repercusiones abusivas para que la mujer haga lo que el quiere.
PERFIL DE UN ABUSADOR:
Un abusador de violencia doméstica se comporta de una forma de control, no porque él no es capaz de “controlar” a sí mismo. De hecho, el abusador es muy estratégico sobre sus acciones y toma decisiones muy claras y con el fin de controlar su cónyuge o pareja. Él toma decisiones cuidadosas acerca de cuándo y dónde va a abusar de su pareja. En público, el parecer como el esposo perfecto, pero muchas veces ataca cuando no hay testigos. Por otra parte, un abusador es capaz de “detener” a sus formas abusivas cuando le beneficia. Si usted sospecha que alguien es un abusador, responda las siguientes preguntas.
¿Su pareja …
-Consistentemente ignorar sus opiniones y los pone abajo?
– Te humilla o grita?
-La trata tan mal que usted se avergüenza delante de su familia o amistades?
-La culpa por hacerlo comportar de una manera abusivo?
-Constantemente le critica y hace comentarios degradantes sobre ti?
-Actúa muy celoso y posesivo?
-Trata de controlar dónde vas?
-Trata de controlar quién ve?
-Trata de controlar lo que haces?
-Evita que usted vea a sus amigos o familiares?
-Limita el acceso directo al dinero?
-Limita el acceso a un teléfono?
-Constantemente hace llamadas numerosas durante el día?
-Revisa constantemente y / o abrir el correo?
-Revisa constantemente su correo electrónico o quiere que le dé su código para la cuenta de correo electrónico?
-Considera que eres su propiedad o su objeto sexual?
-Tener un mal humor o es impredecible?
-La pone en daño o amenaza que la va matar?
-Amenaza con suicidarse si lo dejas?
-Amenaza con quitarle a los niños si usted trata de salir?
-Amenaza con hacerle daño a sus hijos si usted trata de salir?
-Amenaza con hacerle daño a otros amigos o miembros de su familia si usted trata de salir?
-Destruye sus pertenencias/objetos personales?
COSAS A TENER EN CUENTA …
La dinámica de la violencia doméstica es muy complicada. Tal la razón porque explica por qué muchas de las víctimas luchan para liberarse de este patrón violento. Muchas mujeres no se sienten valientes o equipadas para examinar las opciones potenciales que pueden utilizar para liberarse del abuso. Se han convertido emocionalmente, físicamente y espiritualmente débil. Recuérdense que el agresor ha utilizado una variedad de vicios para dominar la víctima y mantenerla bajo su control.
Mujeres dominicanas no están solas. La realidad es que hay muchas hermanas latinas que están sufriendo el mismo fenómeno de la violencia doméstica. Amnistía Internacional (2012) informó que en Latino América hay un aumento del 20% en el número de mujeres asesinadas por sus parejas o ex-parejas.
La triste realidad es que las mujeres no son las únicas víctimas. Cuando los niños son testigos del abuso violento de sus madres, hay una gran posibilidad de que ellos se convierten en víctimas o abusadores en su edad adulta. Es más probable que el ciclo de la violencia doméstica continúe.
Se necesita una comunidad valiente y solidaria que diga “NO MÁS” y mantener la autonomía que rompe el silencio y del ciclo. Afortunadamente, hay más organizaciones dominicanas que están abordando este tema y hay una creciente red listo para servir a la comunidad dominicana. Para obtener más información sobre estas organizaciones, visite lo siguiente: http://santodomingo.usembassy.gov/victims_of_crime-e.html
Juntos con cada paso podemos romper el silencio y el ciclo que ha mantenido tantas mujeres y niños oprimidos por sus abusadores.
“Nadie se mete entre problemas matrimoniales”
La Violencia Domestica en la Republica Dominicana
Dra. Vilma Caban-Vazquez
How many times have you heard a friend or family member advise that it is best not to get involved between a man and his woman? Unfortunately, for many battered women in the Dominican Republic, this hands-off approach is perpetuating the vicious cycle of domestic violence that is shrouded in silence and secrecy.
DOMESTIC VIOLENCE STATISTICS:
Domestic violence exists for Dominican women across all economic strata. El Centro de Estudios Sociales y Demográficos reported that one in every three women you know in the Dominican Republic are victims of some form of domestic violence. Although this country is known as one of the finest vacation resort meccas of the world, the Dominican Republic is grappling with an issue that is not so publicly glorious and refined. Behind the façade of gorgeous beaches and exquisite holiday accommodations, many of this country’s precious flowers face a violent and brutal existence. The truth is that many of the women who serve as well as visit these fine resorts are indeed victims of violent attacks by manipulative and controlling husbands and partners.
As this Latina researcher examined the ugly truth behind the reality of domestic violence in the Dominican Republic, I was horrified to see how little is done to eradicate this brutal reality. A study by the Association of Women’s Rights in Development confirmed that many Dominican women face this lonely battle and are often victimized twice, by their abusers and by the judicial system created to protect them. In 2011, data from the Prosecutor for Woman Affairs (Roxanna Reyes) confirms that every 1-2 days a woman is killed in an act of domestic violence. Within the last two years, over 60,000 annual complaints of violence against women are reported. However, approximately only 4% of the charges, brought up against the perpetrators, attended legal trials. Recently, official statistics from the capital’s Santo Domingo Public Prosecutor’s Office confirms that the alarming level of domestic violence continues. In the past 6 months, this province had 133 women killed by their former partners. An advocacy study, Critical Path of Dominican Women Survivors of Gender Violence commissioned by local Dominican women advocacy organizations, reported that tragically many of the victims that lost their lives were also victims of a legal system that did not have a responsive judicial staff equipped to deal with the complex issues of domestic violence.
In the 21st Century…how is this possible? If you can believe it, domestic violence in the Dominican Republic was not officially recognized until January 1997 under the new human rights law 24-97. Until this point, domestic violence was not only tolerated…it was considered legal. The reality of domestic violence in the Dominican Republic was brought to light by organizations such as PROFAMILIA (Asociación Dominicana Pro-Bienestar de la Familia) y La Oficina para la Promoción de Mujeres with the help of the United Nations Fund. It is difficult to believe that 15 years later, the efforts of human rights organizations have fallen on deaf ears. An investigation by the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights reveals that even though the 24-97 law was intended to promote major advances in the protection of women’s rights in this nation, regrettably many Dominican judges do not apply and enforce the law. A commission investigated the knowledge base of many judges and Public Ministry representatives and they were simply unaware of the extensive content of this 15 year-old law. How is this possible? Perhaps the ugly truth may be that many of the male judges and law enforcement counterparts elect not to enforce it.
UNDERSTANDING DOMESTIC VIOLENCE:
The ultimate goal of domestic violence or abuse is to gain and maintain control of the victim. Fear is the paralyzing grip that keeps many victims in an abusive relationship. Regrettably many people who hear about a particular example or tragic case can’t believe why the woman never broke free from the abusive situation. As a community, noticing and acknowledging the critical and escalating signs of an abusive relationship can serve as the crucial step in breaking the cycle and silence of domestic violence. It is important to understand that there are many forms of domestic abuse or spousal abuse. Based on a survey developed by the United States National Domestic Violence Network, if you answer “Yes” to many of the questions below, it is highly probable that you or someone you know is in an abusive relationship. Do you…
Many of the aforementioned questions focus on the issue of emotional abuse. Many victims feel isolated, intimidated, and controlled by their spouse/partner. It is important for victims of domestic abuse to understand that ultimately the abuser will escalate in his abusive tactics and ultimately resort to physical threats or other abusive repercussions to make the abused woman do what he wants.
PROFILE OF AN ABUSER:
A domestic violence abuser behaves in a controlling manner, not because he is not able to “control” himself. In fact, the abuser is very strategic about his actions and makes very clear and controlling decisions in order to control his spouse or partner. He makes careful choices about when and where he will abuse his partner. In public, they may seem like the perfect spouse, but often times will lash out when they can’t be seen. Moreover, an abuser is capable of “stopping” their abusive ways when it benefits him. If you suspect that someone you know is an abuser, answer the following questions. Does your partner…
THINGS TO KEEP IN MIND…
The dynamics of domestic violence are very complicated and it helps to explain why victims struggle to break free from this violent pattern. Many women do not feel equipped or brave enough to examine potential options that can free them from the abuse. They have become emotionally, physically, and spiritually weak. Remember that the abuser has used a litany of vices to pin the victim and maintain her under his control.
Dominican women are not alone. The reality is that there are many Latina sisters who are suffering the same phenomena of domestic violence. Amnesty International (2012) reported that in Latin America, there is a 20% increase in the number of women killed by their partners or former partners. The sad truth is that women are not the only victims. When children witness the violent abuse of their mothers, there is a strong chance that they will either become victims or abusers in their adulthood. The cycle of domestic violence is more likely to continue. It takes a brave and supportive community to say “NO MORE” and sustain empowerment that breaks the silence and the cycle. Thankfully, more Dominican organizations are addressing this issue and there is a growing network ready to serve the Dominican community. For more information about these organizations, visit the following website http://santodomingo.usembassy.gov/victims_of_crime-e.html
Together, one step at a time, we can break the silence and the cycle that have kept so many women and children oppressed by their abusers.
***EXCERPT FOR PUBLICATION***
HORTENSIAS MAGAZINE: Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.
PICTURE CAPTION: Below are several brave domestic violence victims who participated in a focus group study examining domestic violence in Bonao, Dominican Republic. Dr. Caban-Vazquez’s research study is called “The Latina Project: Breaking the Cycle and Silence of Domestic Violence”.
National Center for Domestic and Sexual Abuse
RESEARCH FOOTPRINT 